Jonas coopeb



(ModeL) J. COOPER. SHUTTER AND FASTENING THEREFOR.

Patented May 1, 1883.

N. PEIERS, HMO-Ewen wmanm. v.1;

, UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JONAS oooPEn, or WASHINGTON, nrsrrnor on COLUMBIA.

SHUTTER AND FASTENING THEREFOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 276,563, dated May 1, 1883,

' Application filed September 11, 1882' (Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jonas COOPER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Washington, in the District of Columbia,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Inside Shutters for Windows and Means for Operating and Fastening the Same; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Previous to my invention it has been customary to adapt window-frames to receive va 5 rious kinds of shutters for both inside and outwherein the shutters are independently removable, none are free from objection; If large and heavy, as they mainly are, from the necessities of the case, in those buildings in which removable shutters are commonly in g 5 use-such, e. 9., as.public buildings, stores,

schools,'libraries, &c.--it requires an outlay of much strength to dailytake them down and replace them. For this reason costly and com-' H plicated devices have been resorted to, by 0 means of which it has been attempted to re move these difficulties. Hidden chambers have been constructed in the walls around the window-frame, in which to fold away, by more or less intricate mechanism, the shutters that are too heavy to move by hand. To reach and repair these when broken or outof order is a-matter of cost, trouble, and tedious delay. To obviate these andother objections, I pro-' vide shutters which may be used in large win- 0 dows or small, having all the advantages of light, firm, and cheaply-constructed shutters, and which run smoothly in fixed grooves, two or more to a window, and yet any one of which may be quickly removed or inserted without disturbance to those remaining.

To these ends and objects myinvention consists in the novel means and devices hereinafter fully explained, and pointed out in the claims.

' 5o The means in which my invention is embodied are clearly'shown in the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, in which--- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a window, showing the inside shutters in place. Preferably two are shown, corresponding to the ordinary upper and lower sashes. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line a :r, Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views, showing the fastening device, the latter figure being a cross-section of the former on line 3 y thereof. Fig. 5 isa view of the shutter detached and broken away, showing a modification of the means for adjustably securing the shutterwithin the frame; and Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the same on line at w. i

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout all the views. A represents the inside wall, within which is located the ordinary window-frame, provided with the usual window-sashes, E, sliding in grooves within the frame. Directly within the window-frame, facing each other vertically, are the grooves in which the shutters slide. These-grooves may be carried upon an extra section or facing-piece of the. frame, as B in Fig. 2, or theymay be integral with the window-frame, as are the grooves for the ordinary window-sashes. It is convenient to so make them when shutters are provided for in the original plan of construction. Within these parallel grooves, extending alongside of each other from the top of the frame to the bottom, and which in number correspond to the number of individual shutters employed, shutters O G are fitted-to slide. These shutters, made after any suitable design or pattern, are not in width of a dimension to exactly fill the space between the opposing vertical grooves, but each shutter is of such a determined width that when one side thereof is fitted or set into place within the groove upon one side ofthe window-frame, and the shutter is then swung into place on the other side of thewindow-franie, it freely passes the stop, but does not take its seat within its groove. Provision is made for engaging and securing the shutter therein bymeans of a sliding or extensible section, 0, thereof. This section 0 is a division or portion of the shutter O separated from the body thereof, and carried flush therewith upon the end of a tongue or catch, a, projecting therefrom, and capable of being slid or thrust forward. The section 0 is thus carried into its seat within the groove and made fast therein by means of the device hereinafter described.

It is apparent that the section 0 may be 00- extensive with the edge of the shutter, more or less. Preferably, however, I employ two lesser sections upon one edge of each sh utter-- one located near its upper end and one near its lower end-whereby certain advantages, hereinafter pointed out, are secured.

To give perfect control to the adjustability of these extensible sections 0, there is located for each, within the body of the shutter and directly in the path of forward and backwardv travel of the shank or tongue 0 of the section 0, a plane-surfaced disk or cushion or bed, (I, of india-rubber. The shank or tongue of the sliding section is ,held to this disk or elastic cushion of rubber,in constant engagementand under suitable pressure or tension, by bridge or yoke c. It is thus apparent that whatever the adjustment of the sliding shank or tongue 0, and consequent position within the groove, of the engaging section 0, the tension of the rubber cushion will suffice to grip and securely hold the parts as positioned. This plane-sur faced disk of rubber being seated within the body of the shutter with its operative compressing-face flush with the surface thereof, it is obvious that the shank or tongue 0 of the section 0 will have stable and unequivocal support both from the plane-surfaced disk itself and from its seat upon the surface of the shutter.

If necessary, the rubber engaging face of the shank or tongue may be slightly abraded or roughened to give a firmer grasp. Under ordinary circumstances, however, I have found that the plane-surfaced engaging disk of rub-.

her alone, under a proper degree of tension, grips the metal shank or tongue with quite sufficient force to yield perfect results. The rubber disk or cushion is made removable, so that it can be renewed when worn. Its first cost being but a trifle, renewal is preferable, when worn, to the employment of devices for adjusting its tension within its seat in the shutter.

I have found that it is important to the success of my invention that the cushion or compression-disk should be provided with a sufficiently broad friction-snrface to yield steadiness of support as well as adhesion to the shank of the extensible section. This function an ordinary spring would fail to secure, unless specially adapted to the purpose by devices which I do not contemplate as being within the sphere of this improvement.

With the shutters thus placed within the grooves and the extensible sections suitably adjusted, connection with each shutter is made with a hooked cord or chain, c or e, by means of an eye-staple, h. The other or unattached end of the cord or chain passes over a pulley within the upper portion of the frame to a weight,forf, contained within a well or box, B, one, on each side of the frame for each shutter.

In order that each cord or chain may operate a single shutter, and for convenience in removing and replacing the same, they are respectively conducted to and over pulleys contained in sheave-blocks t', depending from the center of the upper portion of the windowframe. When the weights are not in use-as when the shutters are removed from the window-the hooked ends prevent the cords from running out, as well as render the same always accessible for attachment to the eye-staples by means of the hand-rod g. When it is desired to attach inside shutters to windows unprovided with frames fitted therefor by the architects plan, I provide the boxes or wells B, in which the counterbalancing-weightsfandj" operate. These boxes are attached directly to the internal face of the said frame, as shown in Fig. 2, and take the place of the ordinary inside facing of the window-casing. Finished en suite with the woodwork of the room, the window has every appearance of having been originally planned for inside shntter s--an object of no small valuein the restoration of interiors.

I am aware that it is not new to employ an elastic buffer or cushion upon which to receive and distribute the shock of contact of an impinging body. It is to be remarked, however, that the rubber disk or engaging cushion which I have provided for the lateral support of the shank or tongue of the extensible sections acts upon a totally different principle, securing in its relations to the means employed peculiarly valuable results. The uniform pressure of the whole surface of the disk or cushionagainst the bridge or yoke grasps the shank or tongue seated therein and secures the constant engagement of the extensible section or sections within the groove of the window-frame, holding the same at any determinate point desirable. Under suitable tension, slip is impossible, and the section keeps its enagagement without failure. The shutter may be set within its grooves so firmly that no shake or rattle can result, even in most violent storms. By a slightrelaxation of the adjnstment the shutter can bemade to play easily and. freely up and down within its grooves, being thus adapted to the manipulation of a child. The wear of the ordinary shutter is absent, or, whatever slight amount there maybe, it is taken up in the everyday adjustment of shutter to its seat within the frame.

It is also to be remarked that the tendency to vibration which is found to be present even in the windows of the most perfect workmen, planned by the most skillful architects, and for the curing of which so many devices have been provided, is entirely removed by the above-described improvement. The close en gagement with the groove of the frame along IIO grip of the broad rubber disk, prevents the possibility even of a tremor.

Although I. have set forth the catch above described as peculiarly adapted for use with the shutter illustrated, it is obvious that the same is equally adapted for use in many analogous situations. I do not therefore wish to be understood as in any manner limiting myself to the particularlocation herein described, inasmuch as the principle of my invention would remain the same under any of its modifications. Nor is the particular construction of the catch essential to the practice of my invention.

Generically my improvement contemplates a shutter for windows, which shall afford a substantial extension of an edge, or independeut'sections of an edge thereof, flush with the body of the shutter, on one or both of itsfaces, whereby the shutter may be made to instantly and exactly fill its grooves in the frame by a simple and quickly-operated adjustment; and

the means for securing this function embrace generically the extensible section of the shutter and the members, whereby the same is held to engagement within the grooves of the casing by the frictional grasp of the elastic cushion of india-rubber alone, across the face of which a portion or projection of the sliding section moves laterally while under pressure.

By this construction the employment ofpositive stopping devices-such as teeth or lugs upon the shank or tongue of the section, which 7 enter into predetermined recesses or openings upon the bridge-is avoided, and the engagement of the section with its groove is bad at any one of an infinite number of adjustments.

I have shown preferably simple and uncomplicated means of attaching the extensible sec-- tion or sections within the edge of the shutter. Modifications of this form are obvious. For example, the section might be tongued and grooved within the edge of the shutter, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, with an overlapping rabbet upon the section at the rear and a corresponding rabbet upon the body of the shutter. The'line ofjunction and division is thus completely closed and a solid extensible shutter secured.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A sliding catchhaving frictionalengagement with a plane-surfaced india-rubber disk seated within an unyielding surface flush with the compressed face of the disk, and means for forcing the catch against the two surfaces, while permitting its longitudinal movement thereupon, whereby steadiness and stability of adjustment are effectually secured, as

set; forth.

2. The combination of the shutter, provided with an extensible section sliding across a disk or cushion of rubber, with the grooved frame in which the same operates, whereby the shutter is adapted to-be removed or replaced by the sim ple adjustment of the section within the grooved frame.

3. In combination with the sliding shutter provided with two or more independently-extensible sections flush therewith, the frame having a groove therefor, and means whereby each section is yieldingly but positively adjusted within said groove for the purpose of taking up vibration andshake, while permitting the shutter to move freely in its normal path.

4. In combination with the grooved windo'w- JONAS COOPER.-

Witnesses HENRY BROWN, PERRY B. Planes. 

